Unregulated Practices in India’s Dairy Industry: Law, Welfare, and Environmental Governance

India’s dairy industry functions at a scale that is unparalleled anywhere in the world, supplying milk and dairy products to millions of households daily and sustaining a vast informal workforce. Despite this economic prominence, the sector remains largely unregulated in practice, with field documentation from multiple dairy clusters revealing persistent legal non-compliance, institutional neglect, and […]

Understanding India’s Prevention of Cruelty to Animals Act, 1960 and the Need for Reform

  Animal welfare has become an increasingly pressing issue in India, as the country wrestles with outdated legislation that fails to adequately protect its animal population. The Prevention of Cruelty to Animals Act, 1960 (PCA Act) stands as the primary legal framework for animal protection in India. However, the need for reform is urgent, highlighted […]